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小学生英语知识点总结

发布时间:2020-10-16 14:19:41 浏览数:

  英语知识

  1.字母:26个字母的大小写

  ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

  abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz

  2.语音:元音的发音

  五个元音字母:AEIOU

  12个单元音: 前元音:[i:] [] /e/ []

  中元音:[:] []

  后元音:[ɑ:] [] [:] [u :] [] []

  双元音(8个)

  Ⅰ.合口双元音(5个)[ai] [ei] [au] [u] [i]

  Ⅱ.集中双元音(3个) [i][][u]

  3.词汇:词汇量,近反义词

  4.句子:大小写,标点符号

  第二部分:语法知识①

  一.名词:名词单复数,名词的格

  (一)名词单复数

  1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

  2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

  3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

  4.以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

  5.不规则名词复数:

  man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

  child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

  不可数名词的复数就是原型: paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

  (二)名词的格

  (1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:

  a) 单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt

  b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bags

  c) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes

  l并列名词中,如果把 s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如:

  Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

  l要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加s

  Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

  (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用 of +名词来表示所有关系:如:

  a picture of the classroom a map of China

  第二部分:语法知识②

  二.冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:

  (1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle

  元音开头的可数名词前用an :

  an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

  (2)定冠词:the the egg the plane

  2. 用法:

  定冠词的用法:

  (1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物: The ruler is on the desk.

  (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

  (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys arent at school.

  (4)在序数词前: Johns birthday is February the second.

  (5)用于固定词组中: in the morning / afternoon / evening

  不用冠词的情况:

  (1)专有名词前:China is a big country.

  (2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:

  This is my baseball.

  (3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.

  (4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.

  (5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.

  (6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.

  * 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.

  (7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.

  (8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.

  (9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus

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