生活的重要组成部分，其真实面貌及其价值、意义都还有待更进一步深入研究。

南部县书院作为普通的县级书院，在兴学的强烈要求下建立、发展，在教育积弊中改革、迁建，经历了鳌峰书院、凌云书院两个阶段，并最终在西学与时政的压力下改制为新式学堂。南部县书院规模不大，职事设置较为简单，以维持书院正常运作为准，人数有限。其创立源于民间捐输，其发展则依赖于民间当入、民间充施、书院购得，而尤以民间充施最为显著。与省级书院有官方财政支持不同，南部县书院建立经费来自民间，维系发展基本上依靠院产的招佃、租赁获得收入。而其支出，大体用于书院职事人员的薪酬，但也不乏有关的政务性开支。在书院职事人员的开支中，山长薪金占书院总支出的比重最重，显示了山长在书院办学中至关重要的作用。由于书院收入有限，支出繁多，其财政一直处于紧张状态。此外，南部书院也有一定规模的藏书，其内容显示了书院教育忠实于朝廷、迁就于科举而又渐受西学影响。

依靠丰富的《南部档案》资料，我们可以较为清晰地了解到南部县书院的发展演变、职事设置、财产与收支、藏书情况以及南部县衙对它的管理等有关事项。南部县书院作为清代县级书院的代表，它又折射出清代县级书院的一般情况，为我们揭示清代地方教育及相关内容提供了实证。

（责任编辑：吴启琳）

Academy in the County City in Qing Dynasty

——Research on the Aofeng（鳌峰） Academy in Nanbu County

Liu Yanwei，Jin Shengyang

（Yue Lu Academy of Hunan University，Hunan Changsha， 410082； School of History and Culture of

China West Normal University，Sichuan Nanchong， 637009）

Abstract： Although its academic contribution was few， the academies in the county city is in the majority of the total number of academy in the qing dynasty and was of special significance in history.During the qing dynasty， Aofeng academy experienced its start-up， relocation and restructuring， eventually was changed into the new school.The academy had simple positions and a few clerks， its asset mainly came from public donation， income less but spending more，the academy cannot make ends meet usually. Aofeng academy owned a collection of books， mainly in the service of the imperial examinations， but the academy also was a site in which the government educated the students and strengthened the rule of the imperial， and gradually in the flow of the era the academy influenced by the western learning.County government strictly controlled the academy， the affairs about the academy was an important part of the daily work of local government.As one of a county academy in qing dynasty， Nanbu county academy on the whole could reflect the general situation of county academy in qing dynasty.

Key words： Qing dynasty； County academy； Nanbu County； Aofeng academy； Archives Nanbu