1、仿写

　　仿写即仿照有关内容写一篇类似的短文。如JEFC第二册练习册第三页练习3是一篇短文，学生读了后，就可仿写一篇题为My Favourite Month的短文。学生有文可依，又是写自己所熟悉的内容，自然兴趣很高，也容易写好。下面两篇习作可说明这一点。

　　【例1】Octobera:My favourite month is October.It is in autumn.The weather is cool. It is harvest time and we can have a lot of fruits. And Chinese Mid-Autumn Day is often in this month.On that day, I can eat many different kinds of mooncakes.

　　【例2】July: I like July best, because it is the hottest month.I can do a lot of sports. I can go swimming and I can also go boating.

　　二、改写

　　改写的方法很多，可以是将对话改写成短文，也可以是缩写课文等。如JEFC学生课本第二册第67课是一篇知识性较强的文章，通过缩写，学生既加深了对课文的理解，又提高了写作技能，下面就是学生的一篇习作。

　　The weather in China is like Americas. It is hot in summer and cold

　　in winter. But it is not so hot and cold in any seasons in England, and it is often rainy. Australias seaaons are the opposite.

　　三、扩写

　　扩写即用同一题材通过数次扩展、补充从而完成短文的写作练习。这种训练都是在第一次写作的基础上，增加内容，扩充词数。因为是学生初次运用自己的语言写人写事，第一次只要求学生能写30个词左右，以保证写作的正确性。第二次的写作练习是在第一次习作的基础上进行的，词数可由30个扩充到50个左右，第三次可扩至70个左右。第四次最后成文，最终达到扩写训练的目的。下面试举一例。 My Family

　　第一次习作：There are four people in my farmily. They are my grandma, my father,my mother and I.

　　I am a middle school student.I study at No.3 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade2.

　　第二次扩写：(第1段同上)

　　My grandma is seventy.My father is a doctor.My mother is a teacher. I am a middle school student.I study at No.3 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade2.

　　第三次扩写：(第1 段同上)

　　My grandma is seventy. She is very kind. My father is a doctor . He works in the Peoples Hospital. My mother is a teacher. She is a teacher of English. I am a middle school strdenht. I study at No.3Middle School.I am in Class 2,Grade 2.

　　第四次扩写：(第1段同上)

　　My grandma is seventy. She is very kind.My father is a doctor. He works in the Peoples Hospital. He loves his work and he is a good doctor. My mother is a teacher. She is a teacher of English .Her English,is quite good. She often teaches me English.I am a middle school student. I study at No.3 Middle school. I am in Class 2,Grade 2.

　　My family is a happy one. I like it very much.

　　这样短文扩写的练习在选择题材时如能有意识地联系课文教学，并注意贴近生活实际，学生就有内容可写;一篇短文分次扩写，每次的写作量也不大因此可望获得较高的正确率。由于上述两个因素，学生的写作兴趣就容易得到培养，经常性的训练也不难坚持。一周练习扩写两次，两周完成一篇短文的写作即可。

　　通过上述训练，使课文中的词语和句型变成学生的英语技能，并转化成交际性的运用，将知识转化为能力，达到书面表达的目的。若能在教师的指导下持之以恒地训练，经过初中几年的学习，大多数学生都能运用所学知识写简单的书信、便条，程度好的学生还能学写与课文内容相关的短文。这样，便不难达到大纲所规定的使学生获得运用英语进行交际的初步能力了。